Motherboard

The motherboard is the board where the components of computer plugged and can be interconnected. Mainboard types are much once, but the quality of this motherboard is determined by the chipset embedded in it like: Gigabyte, Intel, SIS, NVIDIA nForce, VIA, and other forth.

Examples of supporting components mainboard, complete with specifications:

• CPU
• LGA 775

• Chipset
• Northbridge: Intel ® 955X
• Southbridge: Intel ® ICH7R

• Memory
• Type: Dual Channel, DDRII 667/533/400, ECC
• DIMM slots: 4 DIMMs for DDR2 8GB Max

• Front Side Bus
• 1066/800 / 533 MHz FSB

• Expansion Slots 
• 1 x PCI Express 100MHz X 16
• 2 x 100MHz PCI Express X 1
• 3 x PCI
• 1 x DPS slot

Mainboard and ports located on the mainboard

• External hardware 
• Broadcom 5751*2
• Realtek ALC882M
• 6*Serial ATA II, 3*PATA
• Silicon Image Sil3132 SATA II controller
• GigaRAID ITE8212 IDE RAID controller
• IEEE1938 1394b

• Internal I/O Connectors 
• 1 x U-Plus D.P.S connector
• 6 x Serial ATA II 3.0Gb/s connectors
• 1 x UDMA ATA 100/66/33 connectors
• 2 x UDMA ATA 133/100/66 connectors
• 1 x FDD connector
• 2 x IEEE1394b connectors (supports 3 ports)
• 2 x USB 2.0/1.1 connector (supports 4 ports)
• 3 x Cooling fan pin headers
• 1 x Game/Midi connector
• BlueTooth

From the specs listed above, we can know some things, namely:

For the socket and use the type LGA 775 processor (Intel's latest processor type type EE 1066MHz speed, output in 2005).

Socket LGA 775

Some other things that need to be considered to identify mainboard and components contained therein (on-board):

Power Connector

Is the pin that connects the mainboard with power supplay on Cassing. For AT mainboard connector, the power required supplay also type AT. While the mainboard with ATX connector, the power of his supplay must type ATX

Slot / Socket Processor 

CPU Slot / Socket
Pentium (Clasic)  : Socket 4/5/7
Pentium Over Drive: Socket 4/5/7
Pentium MMX : Socket 7
AMD K6 - K6-II - K6-III : Socket 7
Pentium Pro : Socket 8
Cyrix : Socket 370
Celeron : Socket 370
Celeron, Pentium II - P III: Slot 1
Athlon : Slot A
Duron, Athlon XP : Socket A/462/754/939

Opteron : Socket 940
Xeon : Slot 2
Itanium I : Socket 418
Itanium II : Socket 611
Pentium IV : Socket 423 / 478 / LGA775
Pentium IV-based Xeon, Xeon MP : Socket 603 

Opteron : Socket 940
Xeon : Slot 2
Itanium I : Socket 418
Itanium II : Socket 611
Pentium IV : Socket 423 / 478 / LGA775
Pentium IV-based Xeon, Xeon MP : Socket 603 

Slot MemoryOn the mainboard, there are several common PC memory slots, namely:

• SIMM (Single Inline Memory Module) pin= 72
• DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module) pin= 168 / 184
• RIMM (Rambus Inline Memory Module) pin= 184
• Micro-DIMM pin= 68/144/172
• SO DIMM (untuk Laptop) pin=72/144/200
• Bateray CMOS

Serves to provide power on the mainboard in the configuration to recognize the installed when the computer is off or not getting power supply from the power supply, one of which is for setting the clock.

  BIOS (Basic Input Output System)

Collection of information from a mainboard form of software that contains the basic commands. BIOS function as a means of communication between the operating system with hardware that contained / connected on the mainboard.

  CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)

An integrated sirkut (IC) or chip that holds the BIOS information. BIOS software can usually be accessed / configured in the CMOS setup when the PC is booting (this circuit is a ROM drive).

Chipset

Is the chip - a chip that regulates the flow of data between the subsystems of a PC, and determine what devices are supported by the mainboard mainboard tersebut.Pada there are 2 main chips:

Northbridge chip which controls the flow of data from the processor, the AGP port and main memory. Southbridge chip which controls the flow of data from the PCI bus, interface external hard drive and other PC equipment.

  FSB

That is the bus speed of the system on the mainboard. Pentium III 100 or 133 MHz FSB. While the P4 has a 400 MHz FSB (4 x 100 MHz) up to 1066MHz. AMD Duron processor has a FSB of 200 MHz (2 x 100 MHz) and has a FSB 266 MHz Athlon. Clock speed of a processor is the multiplication of a value (multiplier) with the FSB. For example P III 800 MHz is the result of multiplying 6.5 x 8 x 133 MHz or 100 MHz.